Buy GMC ACADIA from USA 2012–2026

Found: 220 cars • 2/11
Salvage статус
2016 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVPKD6GJ275206. Photo 1 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2016 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVPKD6GJ275206. Photo 2 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2016 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVPKD6GJ275206. Photo 3 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2016 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVPKD6GJ275206. Photo 4 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2016 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVPKD6GJ275206. Photo 5 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2016 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVPKD6GJ275206. Photo 6 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine3.6L · V-6 · 281 HP Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeAll Wheel Drive

129 561 mi

Front End

Syracuse (NY)

Run and Drive

Salvage статус
2022 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNKL41NZ160772. Photo 1 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2022 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNKL41NZ160772. Photo 2 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2022 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNKL41NZ160772. Photo 3 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2022 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNKL41NZ160772. Photo 4 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2022 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNKL41NZ160772. Photo 5 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2022 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNKL41NZ160772. Photo 6 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine2L · Inline-4 · Turbo · 228 HP Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeFront Wheel Drive

76 876 mi

-

Baltimore (MD)

Starts

Salvage статус
2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNXLS4HZ290190. Photo 1 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNXLS4HZ290190. Photo 2 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNXLS4HZ290190. Photo 3 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNXLS4HZ290190. Photo 4 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNXLS4HZ290190. Photo 5 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNXLS4HZ290190. Photo 6 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine3.6L · V-6 · 310 HP Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeAll Wheel Drive

154 182 mi

Rear End

Detroit (MI)

Run and Drive

Salvage статус
2015 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVRKD1FJ312950. Photo 1 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2015 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVRKD1FJ312950. Photo 2 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2015 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVRKD1FJ312950. Photo 3 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2015 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVRKD1FJ312950. Photo 4 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2015 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVRKD1FJ312950. Photo 5 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2015 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVRKD1FJ312950. Photo 6 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine3.6L · V-6 · 281 HP Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeAll Wheel Drive

1 mi

Engine Fire

Detroit (MI)

Stationary

Salvage статус
2012 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVTED6CJ179168. Photo 1 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2012 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVTED6CJ179168. Photo 2 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2012 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVTED6CJ179168. Photo 3 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2012 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVTED6CJ179168. Photo 4 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2012 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVTED6CJ179168. Photo 5 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2012 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVTED6CJ179168. Photo 6 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine3.6L · V-6 · 288 HP Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeAll Wheel Drive

129 337 mi

Side, Rear End

Cincinnati (OH)

Run and Drive

Salvage статус
2018 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNLLA0JZ177956. Photo 1 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2018 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNLLA0JZ177956. Photo 2 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2018 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNLLA0JZ177956. Photo 3 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2018 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNLLA0JZ177956. Photo 4 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2018 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNLLA0JZ177956. Photo 5 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2018 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNLLA0JZ177956. Photo 6 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine2.5L · Inline-4 · 193 HP Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeFront Wheel Drive

64 532 mi

Side, Front & Rear

High Point (NC)

Run and Drive

Salvage статус
2013 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVTKD5DJ214126. Photo 1 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2013 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVTKD5DJ214126. Photo 2 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2013 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVTKD5DJ214126. Photo 3 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2013 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVTKD5DJ214126. Photo 4 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2013 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVTKD5DJ214126. Photo 5 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2013 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVTKD5DJ214126. Photo 6 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine3.6L · V-6 · 288 HP Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeAll Wheel Drive

159 846 mi

Side

Cincinnati (OH)

Run and Drive

Salvage статус
2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNSLA9KZ279400. Photo 1 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNSLA9KZ279400. Photo 2 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNSLA9KZ279400. Photo 3 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNSLA9KZ279400. Photo 4 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNSLA9KZ279400. Photo 5 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNSLA9KZ279400. Photo 6 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine2.5L · Inline-4 · 193 HP Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeAll Wheel Drive

120 608 mi

Side

Syracuse (NY)

Run and Drive

Salvage статус
2015 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRNED8FJ330256. Photo 1 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2015 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRNED8FJ330256. Photo 2 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2015 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRNED8FJ330256. Photo 3 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2015 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRNED8FJ330256. Photo 4 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2015 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRNED8FJ330256. Photo 5 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2015 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRNED8FJ330256. Photo 6 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine3.6L · V-6 · 281 HP Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeFront Wheel Drive

144 793 mi

Rear End, Rear End

Detroit (MI)

Run and Drive

Salvage статус
2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNTLS3HZ163570. Photo 1 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNTLS3HZ163570. Photo 2 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNTLS3HZ163570. Photo 3 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNTLS3HZ163570. Photo 4 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNTLS3HZ163570. Photo 5 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNTLS3HZ163570. Photo 6 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine3.6L · V-6 · 310 HP Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeAll Wheel Drive

145 444 mi

Front End

Detroit (MI)

Run and Drive

Salvage статус
2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVSKD7HJ256426. Photo 1 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVSKD7HJ256426. Photo 2 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVSKD7HJ256426. Photo 3 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVSKD7HJ256426. Photo 4 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVSKD7HJ256426. Photo 5 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVSKD7HJ256426. Photo 6 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine3.6L · V-6 · 281 HP Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeAll Wheel Drive

110 653 mi

Front End, Side

High Point (NC)

Run and Drive

Salvage статус
2022 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNRL42NZ101013. Photo 1 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2022 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNRL42NZ101013. Photo 2 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2022 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNRL42NZ101013. Photo 3 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2022 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNRL42NZ101013. Photo 4 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2022 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNRL42NZ101013. Photo 5 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2022 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNRL42NZ101013. Photo 6 of 6 from IAAI auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine2L · Inline-4 · Turbo · 228 HP Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeAll Wheel Drive

48 280 mi

Front End

Syracuse (NY)

Run and Drive

Salvage статус
2021 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNULS1MZ163485. Photo 1 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2021 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNULS1MZ163485. Photo 2 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2021 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNULS1MZ163485. Photo 3 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2021 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNULS1MZ163485. Photo 4 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2021 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNULS1MZ163485. Photo 5 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2021 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNULS1MZ163485. Photo 6 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine3.6L Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeAll Wheel Drive

72 544 mi

Front End, Side

PA - Pittsburgh North

Run and Drive

2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNRLA5KZ162387. Photo 1 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNRLA5KZ162387. Photo 2 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNRLA5KZ162387. Photo 3 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNRLA5KZ162387. Photo 4 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNRLA5KZ162387. Photo 5 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNRLA5KZ162387. Photo 6 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine2.5L Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeAll Wheel Drive

183 397 mi

Mechanical, Minor Dent/Scratches

CT - Hartford Springfield

Stationary

Salvage статус
2014 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRNED7EJ210365. Photo 1 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2014 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRNED7EJ210365. Photo 2 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2014 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRNED7EJ210365. Photo 3 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2014 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRNED7EJ210365. Photo 4 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2014 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRNED7EJ210365. Photo 5 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2014 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRNED7EJ210365. Photo 6 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine3.6L Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeFront Wheel Drive

122 408 mi

Front End, Side

WV - Charleston

Starts

2016 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVPKDXGJ223657. Photo 1 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2016 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVPKDXGJ223657. Photo 2 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2016 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVPKDXGJ223657. Photo 3 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2016 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVPKDXGJ223657. Photo 4 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2016 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVPKDXGJ223657. Photo 5 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2016 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVPKDXGJ223657. Photo 6 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine3.6L Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeAll Wheel Drive

224 649 mi

Minor Dent/Scratches

CT - Hartford Springfield

Run and Drive

2012 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRTED3CJ201907. Photo 1 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2012 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRTED3CJ201907. Photo 2 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2012 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRTED3CJ201907. Photo 3 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2012 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRTED3CJ201907. Photo 4 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2012 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRTED3CJ201907. Photo 5 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2012 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKRTED3CJ201907. Photo 6 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine3.6L Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeFront Wheel Drive

167 547 mi

Minor Dent/Scratches

CT - Hartford Springfield

Run and Drive

Salvage статус
2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNXLS2HZ299924. Photo 1 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNXLS2HZ299924. Photo 2 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNXLS2HZ299924. Photo 3 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNXLS2HZ299924. Photo 4 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNXLS2HZ299924. Photo 5 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2017 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNXLS2HZ299924. Photo 6 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine3.6L Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeAll Wheel Drive

0 mi

Front End, Side

PA - Pittsburgh North

-

2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNSLAXKZ278661. Photo 1 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNSLAXKZ278661. Photo 2 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNSLAXKZ278661. Photo 3 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNSLAXKZ278661. Photo 4 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNSLAXKZ278661. Photo 5 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2019 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKNSLAXKZ278661. Photo 6 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine2.5L Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeAll Wheel Drive

80 779 mi

Front End, Rear End

MI - Wayland

Starts

2013 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVSKD8DJ178104. Photo 1 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2013 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVSKD8DJ178104. Photo 2 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2013 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVSKD8DJ178104. Photo 3 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2013 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVSKD8DJ178104. Photo 4 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2013 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVSKD8DJ178104. Photo 5 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog. 2013 Gmc Acadia, VIN 1GKKVSKD8DJ178104. Photo 6 of 6 from Copart auction. OpenDataCar US salvage catalog.

Engine3.6L Fuel typeGasoline

TransmissionAutomatic Drive typeAll Wheel Drive

136 324 mi

Front End

MI - Wayland

Run and Drive

Browse GMC models

Why Buy GMC from USA

Did you know that Copart and IAAI auctions list between 200 to 500 GMC vehicles daily? The average price for a 2018-2020 GMC Sierra is around $8,000 to $12,000, which is about 35-40% cheaper than what you’d find in the European market. This significant price difference makes it a smart choice for anyone looking to buy a reliable vehicle without breaking the bank.

Most Popular GMC Models at Auction

When it comes to GMC, a few models stand out in the auction scene. Here are some of the most popular options you might consider:

  • GMC Sierra - Known for its strong performance and towing capacity, the Sierra is a favorite among truck enthusiasts.
  • GMC Acadia - This midsize SUV offers a spacious interior and excellent safety ratings, making it a great family vehicle.
  • GMC Canyon - A compact pickup that combines utility with comfort, perfect for those who need a truck without the bulk of a full-size model.
  • GMC Hummer EV - The new electric entry that’s making waves for its impressive specs and eco-friendly driving.

What to Look for When Choosing

Choosing a GMC at auction requires some careful consideration. Here are a few practical tips to keep in mind:

  • Avoid vehicles with extensive frame damage or structural issues; these can lead to costly repairs.
  • Look for models with under 100,000 miles, as this often indicates less wear and tear.
  • Be cautious of models from years known for specific issues; for example, some 2015 Acadia models had transmission problems. Research the specific year and model before bidding.

How Much Does It Cost to Import GMC

Understanding the total cost to import a GMC is crucial for budgeting. For instance, if you find a car priced at $10,000 at auction, you might incur additional costs such as shipping (around $1,800) and customs fees that can range from $2,500 to $4,000. This brings your total cost to about $14,000 to $16,000. For a more detailed breakdown, check out our calculator.

If you’re considering a GMC, you might want to check out the Acadia or the Sierra for a great blend of value and utility. Happy bidding!

Additionally, if you're open to other options, take a look at Chevrolet or Cadillac, which are also part of the GM Group and offer similar quality and performance.